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Pulmonary Eosinophilia – Symptoms and Treatment

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Pulmonary Eosinophilia – Symptoms and Treatment

A heterogeneous group of disorders that result out of abnormally increased number of eosonophils in the pulmonary airways and parenchyma, known as Eosonophilic lung diseases, are found to be on the rise during recent times. Simple pulmonary eosonophilia- the inflammation of the lungs caused by increased eosonophils – white blood cells – is the more common condition among these.

Causes of Simple Pulmonary Eosonophilia
Out of the various classifications of pulmonary eosonophilia, syndromes of extrinsic or intrinsic origin are more pronounced. Inhaled or extrinsic factors such as fungi, parasites, mycobacteria, may result in triggering an eosonophilic immune response.

Intrinsic pulmonary eosonophilic syndromes arise out of unknown causes. Including a varied group of idiopathic and autoimmune syndromes, these include idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome, eosonophilic pneumonia, and eosonophilic granuloma.

The major cause for most cases of simple pulmonary eosonophilia is allergic reaction to the following:
 Drugs such as sulfonamide antibiotic or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
 Infection with fungus
 Any parasite such as roundworms or hookworms

Distinctive Symptoms of Simple Pulmonary Eosonophilia
 Dry cough
 Chest pain
 Fever
 Rash
 Rapid respiratory rate / shortness of breath
 Wheezing

Tests and Examinations
Rales – crackle-like sounds heard upon listening to the chest with a stethoscope suggest detox inflammation of the lung tissue. Complete blood count will indicate increase in white blood cells. Abnormal shadows in X-rays indicate infiltrates. Bronchoscopy will show a great number of eosonophils.

Treatment of Simple Pulmonary Eosonophilia
If the condition has been caused by an infection, antibiotic or anti-parasitic medication is the suggested treatment. If drug allergy is the cause, stopping the drug is suggested. In some cases, use of corticosteroids is prescribed.
Minimizing exposure to probable risk factors such as certain medicines and other allergy-triggering factors helps reduce the risk.

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